How do you test a check valve?

Author: Avis Schneider  |  Last update: Tuesday, December 16, 2025

This test, also known as a bubble test, is usually performed in a valve shop by applying air to the downstream side of the check valve while the upstream side is submerged in water; then, the number of bubbles is counted and the data is compared to specific acceptance criteria.

How do you know if a check valve is bad?

The signs of a failing swing check valve are often audible. When the disc opens and closes repeatedly (because of low-pressure flow) or violently (because of water hammer), it emits a tapping or hammering sound, respectively.

Can you pressure test a check valve?

Typically the check valve is designed for and can therefore be specified for a specific cracking pressure. One way to test cracking pressure is to do a simple air pressure test. It estimates the cracking pressure of a spring loaded check valve.

Can you test a single check valve?

Series SCVT single check valve assembly backflow preventers are testable and designed for installation on potable water connections in commercial fire system applications.

How do you inspect a check valve?

You'll need to take the valve out and disassemble it to look for debris and scratches. Wash all the parts with hydraulic fluid or whatever fluid is used in your pipe system. Check the housing for corrosion, damage or a rough surface. Buffing can help take care of rough surfaces.

How Do Check Valves Work? | Spec. Sense

What are three basic methods of testing a check valve?

Critical check valves are inspected/tested using three main methods: externally, internally and, in unique situations, in-line function testing.

How do you perform a valve test?

Valve Shell Leakage Test is a test that helps identify the presence of water and other fluids in the valve casing. The test is conducted by pressuring the valve for a specified amount of time, usually one minute or more, and looking for leaks. They are performed on valves like a check, stop, and isolation types.

How do you know if you need a new check valve?

Signs It Might Be Time For an Early Replacement
  1. Water hammer: You hear a tapping or hammering sound, or the pipes are vibrating.
  2. There is leaking coming from anywhere on the valve, even as small as a pinhole or as big as a full-flow spray.
  3. It doesn't pass annual testing.
  4. Your water pressure is lower than normal.

Can you manually open a check valve?

The valve must be installed with the cover on top. Tighten the flange bolts evenly. Before putting the valve into operation check the manual opening stem. For automatic operation, turn the stem counterclockwise as far as it goes; turn clockwise for manual open position.

How do you test a backflow valve?

First, the number 2 shut off valve on the backflow is turned off. A test kit is placed on the device. The test kit uses the water left in the backflow. Once the test is complete, the kit is removed, and the water is turned back on slowly, which prevents pressure surges from occurring.

How much cracking pressure should a check valve have?

Spring pressure plus back pressure provide a bubble tight sealSpring loaded check valves that have a cracking pressure lower than about 3 psig (0.21 bar) to 5 psig (0.34 bar) will usually not return to a bubble tight seal with just the force provided by the spring.

How do you inspect a valve?

Assess the Valve in Different Positions: Valves need to be assessed to ensure that they function properly. This can be done by opening and closing the valve and conducting tests downstream within the system. Performing these tests can be indicative of proper equipment function or the need for attention.

Do check valves get clogged?

If you notice that your shower isn't dispersing hot or cold water, it may mean that your shower check valves are clogged. This video will show you how to clean them and restore the performance of your shower. For more home advice, please visit our help center: https://support.signat...

Can you pressure test against a check valve?

Check Valves are tested at an air pressure of no less than 80 psi.

What is the life expectancy of a check valve?

A metal disc pivots on a hinge or trunnion to prevent reverse flow. Most larger-scale check valves use this design due to their simplicity. With a life span of five to seven years, these valves are often a component that needs to be replaced frequently.

Can a check valve get stuck open?

Fluid movement in check valves can cause debris to build up, making the valve stuck open or closed. Irregular maintenance contributes to debris buildup, and high-speed debris in the fluid can damage internal valve parts.

How do you diagnose a check valve?

Symptoms of a Failing Check Valve

For example, failing check valves will start to vibrate and even lose some internal parts when problems begin to arise. Other symptoms of check valve failure include reverse flow and excessive component wear and damage. Check valves will also emit noises as they start to break down.

How much pressure is needed to open a check valve?

Cracking pressure is the pressure required for a check valve to open. It occurs when the fluid exerts a force on the valve that exceeds the force of the closing spring. Normally a check valve has a cracking pressure of about 0.5 bar. It can vary greatly depending on each manufacturer or type of spring.

How to fix a bad check valve?

Step 1: Using a vice or an adjustable wrench, screw off and remove the check valve cap. Step 2: Once you get the cap removed, inspect the O-ring, cap and spring inside for any damage, wear or debris. Replace the spring as it is inexpensive and easy to do.

What are the symptoms of a bad check valve?

Common check valve problems include noise (water hammer), vibration/chattering, reverse flow, sticking, leakage, missing internals, component wear or damage. However, it is worth mentioning that normally the real cause is the wrong size, spring, and/or style for the check valve application.

How often should a check valve be replaced?

While some check valves may last for many years without needing replacement, others may require more frequent maintenance or replacement due to wear and tear, corrosion, or failure.

How do you test a valve with a multimeter?

How to test a solenoid valve with a multimeter? Set the multimeter to measure resistance (ohms). Then, connect the multimeter probes to the two electrical terminals of the solenoid valve and check if the reading on the multimeter falls within the specified range for the valve.

What are the requirements for valve testing?

The pressure must be at least 110% of its maximum allowable pressure. The fluid must be 100 degrees Fahrenheit. The test lasts for 1 minute. To pass the test, the valve must not leak from the stem or packing, but a small amount of leakage from the disc or seat is acceptable.

How do I check my valves?

Using the compressed air/water method, you will actually be able to see bubbles forming past a bent valve on the intake or exhaust side—the larger the leak, the bigger the bubbles. If your cylinder head shows symptoms of a bent valve(s), we suggest taking it to a qualified machine shop to fix the problem.

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