Water pressure problems could be as simple as faulty faucets and fixtures. If you're experiencing low pressure in a specific area, check for clogging or corrosion that could be slowing water flow.
A fast drop in only one faucet means there's a problem with the faucet. Rapid low pressure affecting one area of the house may mean a corroded pipe issue. An abrupt water pressure drop affecting the whole house may mean a water main break (municipal water) or a well pump problem (well water).
It may be caused by debris such as dirt, sand, solidified oil and grease, food particles, or foreign objects. Pollutants can block pipes if they back up due to fractures in the water main. Mineral buildup clogs pipes over time and causes the water pressure to go down, as there's less space for water to travel through.
If every fixture in your home has frustratingly low water pressure, check your main shut-off valve to make sure it isn't partially closed. The main shut-off valve may be located underground near the street, or in your garage, basement, or crawlspace. If you can't locate it, you can ask a plumber to find it for you.
If there's an accumulation of sediments in your hot water tank, it can lower your water pressure. The presence of kinks in the flexible water pipes used in water heaters can result in low water pressure. If the shut-off valve isn't fully open, water pressure can drop.
In addition to the mains stop valve outside the home, you'll have one inside. Your internal stop valve is most likely beneath the kitchen sink. Your external stop valve is owned by the water company. If it's open yet the pressure here falls below one bar, it's their responsibility to improve it.
The good news is that you can easily replace faucet aerators, clean showerheads to remove limescale, or simply buy new fixtures to replace the defective ones, which can improve your water pressure. However, it is important to know that repairing or replacing faucets and fixtures is only a temporary solution.
Check Your Aerator
If you have especially hard water, aerators become clogged with hard water buildup, a common cause of low water pressure in kitchen fixtures. Clean your aerator for a quick and easy DIY fix. Remove the aerator from the faucet using pliers and a towel (to prevent scratching).
Open your main water valve.
Your house has a main water valve, usually located near the meter; the valve controls the flow of water into your home's pipes. Find the valve and check to see if it's completely open. Opening a half-shut valve is one of the quickest ways for increasing home water pressure.
Some of the first signs of a failing pressure regulator are a leaking water heater or commode. The water coming from a faucet may also exit with such force that splashing or water “hammering” may occur.
Pressure loss can be a serious threat to public health. A reduction or loss of pressure in the distribution system can result in backflow, allowing contaminants to enter drinking water through unprotected cross-connections.
Residential water pressure should ideally be in the range of 45 to 55 pounds per square inch (psi), but it typically ranges from 45 to 80 psi. A psi reading under 40 is considered low and a reading under 30 is definitely too low.
These air bubbles usually find their way to the highest points in your plumbing system, lower water pressure, and inhibit the flow of water through the pipes. Air in the water piping system can cause rust and corrosion. Rusted pipes weaken, and the rust can drop sediment into your water.
You can make a DIY unclogging mixture from a couple of household supplies. With items like vinegar, baking soda, and water, you can make an effective and eco-friendly mixture for unclogging your pipes and drainages. What is this? The baking soda and hot water will help loosen up any build-up in clogged pipes.
Remove and clean the faucet aerator thoroughly, or replace it with a new one. Remove and clean the flow restrictor, increase the size of the flow restrictor hole, or remove it entirely and replace the aerator without replacing the flow restrictor.
Water pressure drops in cold weather because of frozen pipes or high demand. Frozen pipes can burst, causing costly water damage. Other causes of low water pressure include buildup or partially closed valves. Check water valves and individual faucets to find the source of the problem.
Water pressure regulator replacement: $250 to $1,000. Pipe section replacement: $500 to $4,000.
Do I need a water pressure regulator? Building code requires that homes that receive water with pressure greater than 80 PSI have a water pressure regulator. A home's water pressure should stay in the range of 40 to 60 PSI.
Another reason your pressure might be low is due to a shared pipeline. Whether you're sharing your pipes with one neighbor or many more, this can cause a significant loss of pressure. Unfortunately, ripping up the entire network to make a dedicated pipeline to your house is cost-prohibitive.
Normal water pressure range
In general, residential water pressure ranges between 45-80 psi (pounds per square inch). If your water pressure is under 40 psi, it's considered low. A psi between 20-30 is considered very low, and under the minimum water pressure required by most building codes.