How do I tell if my thermocouple is bad?

Author: Dejuan Stehr  |  Last update: Sunday, April 20, 2025

If the pilot flame ignites but goes out after you release the gas control knob, the cause may be a dirty or defective thermocouple. If the gas is on but the flame will not ignite at all, a pilot tube obstruction is the most likely issue. Remove the pilot tube from the gas valve and spray compressed air to clear it.

How do you diagnose a bad thermocouple?

Resistance Measurement: - Use a multimeter to measure the resistance across the thermocouple leads. Depending on the type of thermocouple, the resistance should typically be very low (a few ohms). If you see infinite resistance, the thermocouple may be open (bad).

How do I know if my thermocouple needs replacing?

The best way to verify that you need a new thermocouple is to see if your pilot light is lit. If the pilot light can't hold ignition, that means either a problem with the gas supply or, more likely, the need for thermocouple replacement.

Will the pilot stay lit if the thermocouple is bad?

The engineers in the audience will ask, what happens when the pilot light goes out? Without a thermocouple, it will seep tiny bits of gas into the combustion chamber of the device. In a few hours, it can leak enough gas for a small explosion, probably just enough to shorten your eyebrows.

Should a pilot light touch a thermocouple?

The pilot flame should touch the thermocouple at a specific level. If the flame is blue and weak, and barely reaches the thermocouple, it needs to be stronger. If it extends well above the thermocouple, it's too strong.

How to Really Test a Thermocouple

What happens when a thermocouple fails?

What happens when a thermocouple fails? The kiln will shut down automatically if all thermocouples burn out. The kiln continues to fire if only one or two thermocouples burn out. This protects your firing in the event of failed thermocouples.

What is the common problem in thermocouples?

Temperature sensor and thermocouple errors can be caused by various factors, such as mechanical damage due to physical stress, abrasion, or corrosion; electrical interference from nearby sources of electromagnetic radiation; wiring problems like loose, broken, or mismatched connections; calibration issues that cause ...

Should I clean or replace thermocouple?

Can I clean my thermocouple instead of replacing it? If the thermocouple tip is only lightly corroded or covered in dust/debris, cleaning may restore functionality. But if you find any cracks, bent wires, or significant corrosion pitting on inspection, replacement is the safest option.

Why wont my pilot light stay lit?

The Pilot Tube Is Clogged

Another common reason that a pilot light won't stay lit is because of a clogged pilot tube. Gas travels through the pilot tube to keep the pilot light burning. If the tube is completely clogged, no gas will flow, and you won't get the pilot to ignite at all.

Can I replace a thermocouple myself?

Replacing a thermocouple is a relatively easy fix that can take less than two hours. This guide reviews how to replace a thermocouple to ensure gas appliances stay in good working order, as well as how to relight a pilot light.

What is the life expectancy of a thermocouple?

Standard Thermocouples: Typically last 1-3 years in industrial applications. Specialized Thermocouples: Can last 5-10 years or longer in controlled environments.

What causes thermocouple to go out?

There are any number of ways a thermocouple can fail. It can short out, the sheath can fail, it can be damaged during operation or installation, it can be improperly installed, etc. The key is to perform a thorough root-cause analysis and prevent the failure again in the future, if possible.

What are the symptoms of a bad thermopile?

Symptoms Pilot won't light. Pilot lights but burner won't. System lights, but goes out after a while.

How do you unclog a thermocouple?

Clean the Thermocouple: Use a brush or compressed air to remove any debris or dust on the thermocouple. A soft-bristled brush works well for this. Handle with Care: Be gentle during cleaning to avoid damage.

How much does it cost to repair a thermocouple?

The average cost to repair or replace a thermocouple is $100–$250.

How do I know if I need a new thermocouple?

When you have a thermocouple that is going bad on your water heater, the most obvious sign will be a pilot light that always seems to be going out. If you light the pilot light but then find it extinguished less than a week later, you'll need to closely examine the thermocouple.

Will a pilot light stay lit with a bad thermocouple?

The Pilot Lights But Won't Stay Lit

If the flame lights and goes out when you release the gas control knob after holding it in for the recommended 20 to 30 seconds, that's the sign of a thermocouple malfunction.

Can you clean a thermocouple without removing it?

Clean the thermocouple - using the emery cloth sandpaper, sand the ends of the thermocouple and then give it a finishing touch with the lint-free cloth. Hopefully, you can get to the ends of the thermocouple without having to detach it from the assembly, but you may have to do that.

What are the symptoms of a failed thermocouple?

Failed Thermocouple Symptoms
  • The first is signs of contamination on the tube, which can include discoloration, cracks, or pinholes.
  • Next, check the wiring for any signs of wear or corrosion like missing insulation or bare wire.

What is the most common thermocouple failure method?

Common Causes of Thermocouple Failure

Damage to the protective sheathing or the wire itself can result in inaccurate readings or complete failure. Overheating: Each thermocouple is designed to operate within a certain temperature range.

What is the difference between a thermopile and thermocouple?

While both devices are crucial for temperature measurement and control, their specific applications and capabilities vary. Thermocouples are primarily used for direct temperature measurement and safety controls, whereas thermopiles are preferred for applications requiring higher sensitivity and voltage output.

Why won't my brand new thermocouple stay lit?

Once you have replaced the thermocouple, turn on the furnace and check to see if the pilot light stays lit. If your pilot light doesn't stay lit, it may be due to something blocking the thermocouple. You can try cleaning or replacing it, but if that doesn't work, you may need to call a professional.

Do thermocouples have a shelf life?

Thermocouples should always be handled with care as they are somewhat a delicate instrument. A properly handled and installed thermocouple will provide years of service life under normal conditions.

How do you find a fault on a thermocouple?

Conduct a visual check of the temperature sensor

On a thermocouple you will have a measuring junction at the tip, on a resistance thermometer you will have an element at the tip e.g. a pt100 element. If there are any breaks along the sheath or the tip of the sensor is broken it will probably be the cause of the fault.

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