The most common toilet leak is caused by a deteriorated flush valve (flapper) at the bottom of the toilet tank. If the flapper does not seat properly, water will leak into the toilet bowl. Often this leak will occur without being heard.
There are two main causes of the toilet losing water from the bowl. 1. Evaporation - it does take time, but water slowly evaporates. Eventually, the bowl will be totally empty (takes about a month or two). 2. Bad vent - toilets have a 3'' drain line, and they are supposed to have a 2'' vent (USA building code).
The two most common causes of a toilet leak are the flapper or fill valve. To check for these leaks, lift the tank lid and look at the back wall of the toilet tank. You will see a water line that marks the level at which water fills the tank.
There are lots of places where a toilet can leak. Water pooling around the base of the toilet can indicate that the wax ring is leaking, or there could be a crack in the toilet tank. A toilet that runs frequently usually means there's a leak between the tank and the bowl.
An undetected toilet leak could waste as much as 5 gallons of water per minute. The most common toilet leak is caused by a deteriorated flush valve (flapper) at the bottom of the toilet tank.
Seeing water leaking from the base of your toilet is usually a sign that some plumbing connections aren't fully tightened. There's no need to panic, as this can be easily fixed with some simple DIY know-how.
If you see pooling water around your toilet's base, clean up the water and thoroughly scrub the tiles until they are clean and dry. Wait a few minutes before reevaluating the space for leakage. If the pooling water returns after you clean the area, you probably have an under-tile toilet leak.
According to the International Plumbing Code (2012 edition) and the Uniform Plumbing Code (2009 edition), sealing the joint where fixtures meet the floor is required. Failing to caulk your toilet could result in noncompliance with these codes, which may lead to issues during home inspections or resale.
The leak's location on your toilet is important in assessing the severity. Leaks occurring at the tank bolts or the toilet base where it meets the floor are more likely to require emergency service. These leaks allow water to spread to places it doesn't belong, behind walls or under floors.
Often, the explanation is a clogged pipe, a damaged component, or a hidden leak. No matter what it is causing your toilet bowl to empty, you should address the problem as quickly as possible.
Leaks or cracks
The first thing to do is check for any leaks around the base of the toilet, as well as any cracks in the bowl. Either of these two outcomes is likely the cause of the disappearing water.
Behind or within the Wall: In most cases, the vent pipe for a toilet should run vertically from the toilet's waste pipe (known as the closet bend) and extend upward to connect with the main vent stack or a branch vent line that ultimately exits through the roof of your home.
A continuously running toilet can waste up to 200 gallons a day or more depending on the volume flow down the drain. This can cause a terrible increase to a family's typical water use, so fix toilet leaks as soon as possible. Some leaks are easy to find, such as a dripping faucet or running toilet.
Put 10-15 drops of food coloring or a dye tablet in the toilet tank. Wait 30 minutes without flushing. After 30 minutes, if the water in the bowl turns color, your toilet tank is leaking. Replace the parts inside your toilet tank.
The crack might be in the bowl, cistern, tank, seals, valves, fill or overflow tube. These parts are all meant to hold or carry water, but if over time they've been damaged or have worn out, they could be the cause of a leak. Whether you can seal the part or need to replace it will depend on where the crack is.
If the wax ring under these bolts doesn't form a water-tight seal, the toilet will leak from the base when you flush it. To fix this problem, simply tighten the bolts that hold the toilet to the floor. You may need a putty knife or flathead screwdriver to pry off the caps first.
Typically, you should use caulk in bathrooms due to its flexible, waterproof, and non-porous composition. Caulk is also easier to remove and replace when necessary, which will minimize damage to your fixtures.
Surfaces that require paint may not interact well with silicone, leading to adhesion issues. Structural joints that require significant load-bearing capacity are also better served by alternative sealants, as silicone may not provide the necessary support.
You may not hear the water running, but if it is making its way back into the toilet bowl, you have a leak, most likely due to a worn-out flapper seal.
Unless you are in a situation where it is impossible to redo the floor tile due to the flange already being put in, never put the tiles below the existing toilet and the flange. Having the tiles go under the toilet makes it much easier to do repairs or removals.
Your toilet's wax ring creates an airtight seal to prevent water and sewer gas from escaping. When the thick wax ring goes bad, you need to replace it right away to prevent leaks.
Replacing a bathroom subfloor around the toilet area costs between $150 and $200 since the replacement is for a small section of the room. Also, these rooms tend to need subfloor replacement mostly due to water damage, requiring additional labor.
It requires no maintenance and can last 30 or more years, often as long as the toilet itself. But sometimes wax rings can dry out, crumble, and fail prematurely. When that happens, they need to be replaced.