Overwatered plants wilt because the roots are dead, under watered plants wilt because they're thirsty. Sounds obvious, but it trips up a lot of people! Know Your Plant: A succulent in a tiny pot will need a very different watering schedule than a big, leafy jungle plant!
If the soil is wet, it's overwatered - if it's dry, it's underwatered. Browning edges: Another symptom that can go both ways. Determine which by feeling the leaf showing browning: if it feels crispy and light, it is underwatered. If it feels soft and limp, it is overwatered.
Is Overwatering Worse Than Underwatering? Overwatering is as equally lethal as underwatering in plants. The colossal factor is blamed on the length of exposure: the more time the soil was soggy or dry, the more a plant is likely not to survive.
The biggest difference between the two is that too little water will result in your plant's leaves feeling dry and crispy to the touch while too much water results in soft and limp leaves. Water pressure begins to build in the cells of plant leaves when the roots absorb more water than they can use.
When a plant is first becoming overwatered, leaves turn yellow. If soil doesn't have a chance to dry out before you water again, leaves start to wilt. When overwatering is the problem, wilted leaves are soft and limp. (If too little water is the issue, wilted leaves are dry and crispy.)
The best way to tell if your plants need water is to stick your finger about an inch into the potting mix—if it feels dry, break out the watering can. If you detect dampness, check back again in a day or two. For smaller houseplants, you can also pick up the whole container. If it feels light for its size, add water.
The leaves may also appear yellowish, dry brittle, and dull. If the plant is droopy and dry, you can try to water enough to where the soil is damp, but not overly soaked or floating in water.
Underwatering Revival
One of the first things you will want to try is soaking your plant in a saucer for 30 minutes to an hour. Just as with a dry sponge, a soak helps the soil to absorb water and expand. After soaking, remove your plant from its saucer and leave it for up to 24 hours to see if it has revived.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
With mild water deficiency, plants are usually slow-growing and stunted. Some plant leaves turn from shiny to dull at first signs of stress. Grasses, which are the first to show the loss of water in the landscape, will show signs of wilt.
The good news is that most plants will bounce back between 7-14 days if they're given proper care (which includes rehydration). If this isn't possible because major damage was done or little healthy root system exists then expect about 2 weeks until improvement can be seen.
It is best to water heavier less often than to water shallowly every day. If you have watered a plant for less than 30 seconds, you are probably guilty of this. Deep-watering encourages root growth. Plants need a thorough soaking if you want lush and vibrant growth.
How to check for root rot. The main signs to look out for are: yellowing, wilting leaves, wet soil that isn't drying, black, wet roots, quickly declining health, and stunted growth.
Do not allow the plant to get extremely dry, this additional shock could be enough to kill the plant. If the plant is wilting badly, you can mist or syringe the plant's foliage with water which will prevent too much leaf scorch.
💦 Overwatering Indicators
Yellowing leaves and soil that's more swamp than solid indicate you've gone overboard. Waterlogged soil is a no-go; Geranium swatense isn't into soggy feet. If the pot feels like it's been hitting the gym, it's likely too heavy with water.
Feel the Soil: The simplest way to gauge your plant's watering needs is by feeling the soil. Turns out that old trick of sticking your finger into the soil up to the knuckle has merit! If it's soggy or has standing water, you're overwatering. If it's dry an inch below the surface, it's time to water.
If the plant has been severely dehydrated or damaged, recovery can take longer, potentially several weeks to months. It will depend on the extent of the damage and the plant's natural growth rate. In some cases, full recovery may not be possible.
You may be overwatering. Make sure your container has adequate drainage and then cut back on watering. Use pruning snips to trim away dying foliage. Yellow leaves can also mean the plant is rootbound and needs to be moved to a bigger pot with drainage holes.
If a plant is overwatered, it will likely develop yellow or brown limp, droopy leaves as opposed to dry, crispy leaves (which are a sign of too little water). Wilting leaves combined with wet soil usually mean that root rot has set in and the roots can no longer absorb water.
Tip: Watch your plants' leaves for clues on whether they are thirsty or not. Curly leaves are drier and a healthy white fuzz actually means your plant is healthy, not necessarily drying out. Brown leaf tips and a general shriveled appearance are other clues you are under-watering.
The most common sign that a plant is hungry or nutritionally imbalanced is if the leaves at the bottom of the stem are browning and dropping from the plant. For plants in a patio pot or planter, sometimes the browning will look like it's coming out of the middle of the plant.
Symptoms include slow growth, wilting, discolored leaves and flowers, burning on edges of leaves. The affected plant can also suffer from disrupted nutrient uptake. Wilting. This is the classic sign of a deficiency of water.
For most plants it's ok/good to allow the top couple inches of soil to dry out completely before watering again. When you do water, make sure the water is really soaking down to the roots.
What Does Soggy Soil Look Like? Soggy soil will look dark and damp, and will hold its form when squeezed and compacted and will have a plastic consistency. If you squeeze darker soil in your hand, and it maintains that shape, your water is soggy.