What is the code for venting a bathroom?

Author: Lionel Yost DVM  |  Last update: Tuesday, December 9, 2025

To fulfill the local exhaust airflow requirements of ASHRAE 62.2 (2010) and the International Residential Code (IRC 2021, Section M1507), bathroom fans should have a mechanical exhaust capacity of ≥ 50 cfm for intermittent operation or ≥ 20 cfm of ventilation when operated continuously.

What are the requirements for a bathroom vent?

Choose a fan that can ventilate at least 1 CFM per square foot of room. So, for an 80 square foot bathroom, select an 80 CFM fan. For bathrooms 50 square feet and smaller, it's recommended you purchase a bath fan designed for small rooms. In other words, choose under 79 CFM bath fans.

Do bathrooms legally need ventilation?

While building codes vary by location, most communities and states require an established form of bathroom ventilation. Exhaust fans are required in bathrooms that don't have a window or if the window is smaller than 3 square feet. The window must also open.

Do bathroom vents have to vent outside?

Bathroom fan installation requires outside ventilation. If the bathroom exhaust fan or venting fan isn't accessible through an attic, you'll need to vent through a sidewall of your house. If you're venting a bathroom fan through an external sidewall, then you'll need a wall mounted bathroom exhaust fan.

How far can you run ducting for a bathroom exhaust fan?

For better performance, duct runs should be as straight as possible. If a bend is necessary, 2 to 3 feet of straight duct should be allowed to run from the fan exhaust port to the first elbow in the duct run.

The Basics of Venting in Plumbing in 4 Minutes

What is code for venting a bathroom fan?

To fulfill the local exhaust airflow requirements of ASHRAE 62.2 (2010) and the International Residential Code (IRC 2021, Section M1507), bathroom fans should have a mechanical exhaust capacity of ≥ 50 cfm for intermittent operation or ≥ 20 cfm of ventilation when operated continuously.

How many feet can you run a bathroom exhaust fan?

How far can you run ducting for an exhaust fan in the bathroom? There is no guidance on the duct length; only a straight run is preferred to a duct with bends or elbows. On average, the vent duct can run from 2 to 30 feet.

Can you use a flex duct for a bathroom exhaust fan?

The most common types ducts that can be used for a bathroom exhaust fan installation are rigid ducting, semi-rigid ducting, flexible ducting or a rigid duct and flexible duct combination.

Where should bathroom exhaust vent to?

Where is the Best Place to Vent a Bathroom Exhaust Fan?
  • Through the roof (best)
  • Through the gable wall (preferred over soffit)
  • Through the soffit overhang (least desired)

Is it okay to vent a bathroom fan into the attic?

Did you know that bathroom exhaust vents discharging into your attic can cause mold? Moreover, it can cause water stains on your ceilings that could lead you to believe you have a roof leak. Bathroom vents should always be vented to the exterior of your home and it is required by code.

What happens if a bathroom is not vented?

Signs that your bathroom needs more ventilation are:

Stuffiness when you enter the room. Mildew on walls or tiling. Stains forming on walls or ceiling. Smells that linger for a long time.

How far does a bathroom vent need to be from a window?

Considering that the exhaust from a dwelling unit is not considered to be hazardous or noxious and is of low volume, the 3-foot (914 mm) separation from windows is deemed to be reasonable.

What is the ventilation requirement for a bathroom?

Bathrooms with a toilet can rely on an openable window as the source of ventilation. Building regulations dictate requirements as 15 litres per second/54m3 per hour. This measures how quickly existing air is replaced with new air.

What are the rules for venting plumbing?

In general, the vent should be as close as possible to the fixtures it serves. This proximity helps ensure the vent can effectively equalize air pressure and prevent sewer gas entry. However, there are some common guidelines to consider: The vent should be within 5 to 6 feet of the fixture drain it serves.

Can I install my own bathroom vent?

If your new bathroom vent fan is the same size as your old one, you can install it right away. If it's bigger, you'll have to cut a larger hole with a drywall saw. If it's smaller, you can caulk around the edges of the housing unit to fill in the gaps once the fan is installed.

Does a bathroom vent need to be vented outside?

The moist air will fuel the growth of mold and mildew on the roof framing and the sheathing that covers the timbers. Wood rot is an absolute certainty over time if you dump bath exhaust into an attic. This moist air must exhaust to the exterior of your home. This is non-negotiable.

Where do you put a bathroom vent pipe?

However, here's a general guideline: 1. Behind or within the Wall: In most cases, the vent pipe for a toilet should run vertically from the toilet's waste pipe (known as the closet bend) and extend upward to connect with the main vent stack or a branch vent line that ultimately exits through the roof of your home.

Should bathroom vents go through the wall or roof?

Air shall not be exhausted into an attic, soffit, ridge vent or crawl space.” It's always a good idea to also check local building code and the local building department. For proper bathroom ventilation it is best to run the ductwork from the bathroom exhaust fan vertically through the roof or out the side gable wall.

Can a dryer and a bathroom share a vent?

This is a sure way to cause blockages that can lead to larger issues.

What are the options for venting a bathroom exhaust fan?

The most common option for bathroom exhaust fan venting is the ceiling to wall venting option. The second most common is the roof vent installation. The third most common is probably the vertical wall installation.

How do you vent a bathroom fan without outside access?

The installation of a recirculating exhaust fan is one of the easiest ways to vent a bathroom without an exterior exit. Recirculating fans filter the air via a set of charcoal or HEPA filters before releasing it back into the bathroom, in contrast to ordinary exhaust fans, which exhaust air outside.

Is it OK to oversize a bathroom exhaust fan?

However, we recommend never going more than 10-20% large than the minimum CFM. We also recommend not going under the minimum CFM as the airflow exhaust fan will be underpowered and may not adequately remove the moisture needed.

What are the requirements for a bathroom vent pipe?

It's typically recommended that you go with a 2" PVC pipe for the vent. This is according to the uniform plumbing code (UPC). It may not be enough, depending on how many fixtures you are trying to run off the vent. You should check with local building code requirements to be on the safe side.

Is flex duct ok for bathroom exhaust fan?

Yes, Flex ducts are a perfectly valid option to use a conduit for your bathroom exhaust fan.

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