Overgrown trees can pose a serious risk to your property and your family. Dead or damaged branches can fall and cause damage to your home or car or even injure someone. In addition, overgrown trees can block sunlight and views and can even damage foundations or driveways.
Let's discuss the importance of pruning. While a tree will not directly die from a lack of pruning, neglecting the structure of a tree can impact its long-term health. Lack of pruning in a tree can lead to structural defects. These structural defects can result in significant portions of a tree failing.
Proper pruning encourages strong growth, increases flower and fruit production, improves plant health, and removes damaged limbs, all which give aesthetic appeal to a tree. Pruning at the right time and in the right way is critical, since it is possible to kill a healthy tree through neglect or over-pruning.
A tree left to itself, unpruned, will grow quickly as a juvenile in the first few years, producing few or no fruit, but as age increases the tree will usually “settle down” and begin bearing fruit, at which time vegetative growth (production of stems and leaves) slows.
The best time to prune is after flowering. If the plant needs to be renovated, or severely reduced, this can be done late winter and early spring just before growth begins. Remove old flowers (deadhead) and cut back to healthy outward facing buds. Remove damaged, diseased, old wood and straggly growth.
April, May and June are not good months to prune because deciduous trees need to use their stored energy to produce new leaves instead of healing wounds. Also, pruning during warmer spring months encourages the spread of diseases such as Oak Wilt and damage by pests such as Emerald Ash Borer.
There is never a bad time to remove dead, damaged or diseased branches. But most trees benefit from pruning in mid to late winter. Pruning during dormancy encourages new growth as soon as the weather begins to warm. The lack of leaves after autumn allows you to easily identify branches and limbs requiring removal.
After a tree is topped, it grows back rapidly in an attempt to replace its missing leaves. Leaves are needed to manufacture food for the tree. Without new leaves, the tree will die. The new branches that sprout up below the cuts will continue to grow quickly until they reach the same size it was before it was topped.
Can tree branches grow back? When pruned properly, removed tree branches will not grow back. Instead, the tree will grow what looks like a callous over the pruning cut, which helps protect the tree from decay and infection. Because trees heal all on their own, you don't have to use a pruning sealer!
Although it's impossible to fix damage from too much pruning, there are some things that you can do to support your tree moving forward. Make sure it gets enough water and provide fertilization as well. If you need help with a tree that has been over pruned, please give us a call.
An improper cut like a flush cut (cutting too close to the trunk) or a stub cut (cutting too far from the trunk) can cause irreversible damage to a tree. A flush cut removes the branch collar and leaves a large wound in the side of the tree that won't heal properly.
Municipalities and homeowners often remove the lower limbs for pedestrian and vehicular clearance or to let the sun shine in for grass to grow. Mature trees, especially evergreens, benefit when healthy lower branches are left intact. Removing large limbs can increase the risk of decay.
Depending on its size, age, and condition, no more than 5% to 20% of a tree's crown should be removed at one time. The main reason for this is to avoid the tree's stress response of producing lots of suckering branches that are weak and may develop in the wrong places in a tree's crown or along its trunk.
Helps Control Disease
Some trees, like oaks, should only be pruned during the dormant season because they are especially susceptible to oak wilt disease, which is known to spread extremely fast in the spring and summer.
The roots of a tree are like its foundation, and they play an important role in anchoring the tree and absorbing water and nutrients. Once a tree is cut down, the roots can continue to grow for some time. This is because the root system is still alive and is trying to support the tree.
Trees will grow back rapidly and they don't slow until they reach about their original size. It only takes up to a few years for that to happen. The new growth that rapidly ascends from latent buds just below each cut is only anchored in the outermost layers of the parent branch.
While pruning may help to slow root growth, it shouldn't be counted on as a way to control root growth. If you require the trees in your garden to have non-invasive root systems, it's better to choose tree and shrub varieties that have non-invasive roots naturally.
Cut too much and you'll risk nutritional deficiencies or branches that are too weak to tolerate the wind or fend off diseases or insect invasions. Over pruning and topping can permanently disfigure your trees, or even kill them. Further, a tree's foliage is important for protecting it against excessive sun exposure.
Trees shed branches for many reasons that are not linked to illness. Typically, sudden branch breakage is the tree's response to hot, dry environments. However, tree branches may break off even if they are very healthy. This is normal for larger trees that branches extend further than the trunk can support.
How to Fix an Over-Pruned Tree or Shrub. While some plants need a heftier prune than others, in general, the golden rule is to trim no more than 15 to 20 percent of a tree's canopy at one time.
Avoid pruning in fall.
Pruning cuts can stimulate new growth that, unfortunately, will be killed as temperatures drop to freezing. Trees and shrubs reduce their energy production as the growing season ends, so new growth in autumn will use a plant's stored energy reserves.
The best time of year to cut down a tree would be during winter or early spring when the leaves have all fallen and the branches are free from them. You may worry that the frozen ground would make it more difficult to remove a tree, but the fact is, warm earth is more easily disturbed.
The period between the full and new moon (third and fourth quarters) is best for harvesting, slowing growth, etc.