In Zones 5-7, lettuce should be started in early November and will need mulching. In Zones 8-10, start lettuce in late November.
If you are buying transplants (small plants) from a garden center or nursery, you may plant between 2 weeks before your last spring frost to 2 weeks after your last spring frost. In most regions, it's possible to plant another crop of lettuce in the fall or even early winter.
Vegetables to plant in November: Beets, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, collards, kale, kohlrabi, onions (seed & sets), radishes, spinach and strawberries. Vegetables to plant in December: Beets, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, kale, onions (seed & sets) and radishes.
Lettuces are one of my favorite vegetables to grow in the cold months. Most gardeners will end up planting them in a cold frame, greenhouse, or hoop house through the winter, but I think it's so worth the extra trouble. If the sound of lettuce growing doesn't thrill you, its looks will.
In temperate parts of the country (USDA zones 4 to 8), planting can even continue into November and December, especially crops like spinach, Swiss chard, broccoli, and kale! In colder climates, some of these same vegetables are frost-tolerant. Many crops taste better after a frost or two.
Around the country in November, the weather turns cooler and outdoor gardening may fade from top of mind. But the fall season is still a productive time for planting in many warmer regions around the United States — as long as you're strategic about it.
Obviously in the fall and winter you plant cold-weather crops. These include carrots, lettuce, kale, onions, garlic and so on. These types of crops do much better when it is cold. When it gets hot, especially high desert hot, these plants will either not do well or they will go to seed – what is called bolting.
How to Grow: Lettuce is a cool-weather crop that thrives in the temperature range 60-65 degrees F, and if thoroughly hardened, most varieties survive temperatures as low as 20 degrees F. Cold-adapted varieties survive much lower temperatures.
If the air is moist enough, freezing in this range might also involve frost, but it's not a given. Lettuce may cope with light freezing and even one or two hard freezes, but once the thermometer reads 25°F or below, the plants are in danger.
A. Hi Joan, the best cold hardy winter lettuce varieties are Cos, Tom Thumb, Little Gem, Lamb's Ear lettuce, Corn Salad, loose leaf varieties such as oak leaf green and red, mesclun winter greens, there is a hearting variety called Imperial Triumph that is cold tolerant.
A complete listing of vegetables that can be planted in December and through the winter includes beet, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, celery, Chinese cabbage, collard, endive, garlic, kale, kohlrabi, leek, lettuce, mustard, onion, peas (English and snow), radish, rape, rutabaga, shallot, Swiss chard and turnip ...
But when temperatures start to rise, lettuce plants begin flowering, or bolting. You'll notice the main stem starting to grow tall with lots of space between the leaves. Then, the leaves turn bitter and lose their juiciness.
Did you know you can grow lettuce year-round? Generally, lettuce is considered a cool-season crop but some varieties are adapted to warmer weather. With a few tricks, you can keep them cool for year-round harvesting.
Most leaf-type lettuce varieties will mature in seven to eight weeks, but can really be harvested anytime you see leaves big enough to eat. Just take off the outer leaves and let the inner leaves stay to get bigger. Head lettuce varieties take a little longer and are more sensitive to warm weather.
Lettuce loves cool weather. You can begin planting leaf, romaine and butterhead lettuce as soon as the soil can be worked in the spring. Depending on the variety, lettuce germinates in temperatures between 40 to 85 degrees F.
Colder temperatures (26-31 degrees F.) may burn foliage but will not kill broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, chard, lettuce, mustard, onion, radish, and turnip.
Even these cold-hardy greens will need some extra protection if frequently exposed to temperatures in the low 20s and teens. You can protect your cool season crops (including lettuce, which is more easily injured than other greens), by throwing a blanket or row cover over the plants.
At 70 to 80°F, the plants flower and produce seed. Lettuce can tolerate a few days of temperatures from 80 to 85°F, provided that nights are cool. Lettuce seed will germinate at 35°F, but optimum germination is 70 to 75°F. If the plants are sufficiently hardened, they will withstand freezing.
In spring, plants will establish more quickly if covered with cloches or fleece. In hot weather, young transplants can quickly wilt, so water regularly and choose a lightly shaded spot, which should also deter bolting. Take care to protect vulnerable young plants from slugs and snails.
Planting Salad Crops
Once planted, controlling the temperature inside of your cold frame is the key to success. Prop open or remove the covering on extremely warm sunny winter days. Keep it closed on cold days and frigid nights to keep heat in. Rich, fertile soil is a key to growing great successfully in cold frames.
November in Southern California USDA Zone 10b is the perfect time to start a variety of fall vegetables and flowers. You can either start directly from seed or buy ready to transplant from your local nursery.
Some of the best vegetables to plant in December include kale, microgreens, radishes, and asparagus. You may also get away with planting scallions or green onions outdoors, and an indoor herb garden will always thrive no matter the outside temperatures!
In fact, winter sprouting broccoli is enhanced by exposure to cold temperatures as it needs a long time to mature. 'November is the perfect ideal time to get preparing and planting for the seasons ahead, so your vegetables will be ready and fresh for the following spring and summer.