As its name implies, refrigerant in the evaporator "evaporates". Upon entering the evaporator, the liquid refrigerant's temperature is between 40° and 50°F; and without changing its temperature; it absorbs heat as it changes state from a liquid to a vapor.
The flash chamber is an insulated container and it separates the liquid and vapour due to centrifugal effect and due to that the mass of the refrigerant passing through the evaporator reduces. m2 = Mass of refrigerant (liquid and vapour) circulating through the condenser, or leaving the expansion valve.
Evaporator
The evaporator is located inside the home. This is where the refrigerant absorbs heat from indoor air, changing from liquid to vapor. As seen in this video, the evaporator coils provide more surface area for hot indoor air to pass over.
Evaporator: In this device, the liquid refrigerant is expanded and evaporated.
The evaporator can be thought of as a "heat sponge." Vapor is more dense than liquid and, as the liquid refrigerant boils, it has a tendency to sink. The only location where the refrigerant vapor is superheated is in the evaporator.
This example illustrates air conditioning. The cool, liquid refrigerant enters the indoor coil, also known as the evaporator. As its name implies, refrigerant in the evaporator "evaporates".
The evaporator works the opposite of the condenser, here refrigerant liquid is converted to gas, absorbing heat from the air in the compartment. When the liquid refrigerant reaches the evaporator its pressure has been reduced, dissipating its heat content and making it much cooler than the fan air flowing around it.
Refrigerant can be charged into an operating system in the vapor state through the Compressor's Suction.
Removing Heat:
As household air flows across the coil, heat is transferred to the refrigerant which then flows to the warm condenser coil in the outdoor compressor. There, the heat is released into the outside air and the cycle is repeated until the air conditioning has cooled the home to the desired temperature.
When a refrigerant evaporates, it changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state. During this process, the refrigerant absorbs heat from its surroundings, causing the temperature of the surroundings to decrease. This is the basic principle behind how refrigeration systems work.
Key takeaways: superheat occurs in the evaporator to protect the compressor, and subcooling occurs in the condenser to protect the expansion device.
Because refrigerants have lower boiling points, they will boil at a lower temperature than your indoor temperature on a hot day. This is so that your indoor air is hot enough to make the refrigerant boil. For example, a hot summer day would be around 90°F. A typical refrigerant, R-134a, has a boiling point of -15.34°F!
The condenser
This component is supplied with high-temperature high-pressure, vaporized refrigerant coming off the compressor. The condenser removes heat from the hot refrigerant vapor gas vapor until it condenses into a saturated liquid state, a.k.a. condensation.
In this final step, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows into the evaporator, where it absorbs heat from the indoor air to evaporate and become a low-pressure gas. The gas flows back to the compressor where the cycle starts all over again.
The high-pressure liquid refrigerant then exits the condenser and moves on to the next component in the system. In summary, the condenser is the component where the refrigerant undergoes a phase change from a high-pressure vapor to a high-pressure liquid through the process of condensation.
Now let's explain “What is a condenser coil?” The AC condenser coil is in the outdoor unit of an air conditioning system. Its primary function is to release the heat that was absorbed by the evaporator coil. The condenser coil consists of a network of tubes, like the evaporator coil.
Refrigerant evaporates (or boils, to be exact) at room temperatures. As refrigerant evaporates from a liquid into a frigid vaporous state, it readily absorbs heat energy. Refrigerant vapor pressurized to very high temperatures condenses from a hot gas back to a liquid, releasing its load of heat energy.
In the first stage of the refrigeration cycle, refrigerant enters a compressor as a low-pressure vapor. The compressor compresses the refrigerant to a high-pressure vapor, causing it to become superheated. Once the refrigerant is compressed and heated, it leaves the compressor and enters the next stage of the cycle.
Condenser. The condenser is the part of a refrigeration system that removes heat from the refrigerant. It is an air-cooled device, so it must be mounted where air circulation is good. The condenser contains tubes and fins that absorb the heat from the refrigerant flowing through it, causing the refrigerant to evaporate ...
Slope all vapor refrigerant piping in the direction of flow at 1/4” per ten feet: slope the hot gas discharge line towards the condenser and the suction line towards the compressor. Slope hot gas reheat supply towards the air handling section and return towards the condensing unit.
R-410A must be charged as a liquid. Refer to the instructions printed on your refrigerant cylinder to verify that the cylinder is oriented properly for charging. Charging as a gas may result in refrigerant separation and improper unit operation. System must be charged slowly.
Pure refrigerants like R22 can be added in liquid or vapor states. If adding liquid into the suction like, throttle it in slowly to avoid slugging the compressor or diluting and washing out the compressor oil. After the charge has been set, avoid installing the gauges as part of regular service.
Refrigerant can shift easily between liquid and gas states, which makes it ideal for ACs since it doesn't take significant amounts of energy to cause the phase shift. Refrigerant starts inside the compressor, where the reduction of volume turns it into a high pressure gas about 150°F.
After picking up heat indoors, the hot, low pressure refrigerant gas leaves the evaporator coil and travels via copper pipes to the outdoor unit's compressor, which raises the refrigerant's pressure and temperature. Now a high pressure gas, the refrigerant enters the condenser coil.
Principles of Refrigeration
For this reason, all air conditioners use the same cycle of compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation in a closed circuit. The same refrigerant is used to move the heat from one area, to cool this area, and to expel this heat in another area.