The pipes most at risk are those in unheated interior spaces such as basements, attics, and garages. But even pipes running through cabinets or exterior walls can freeze.
For example, PVC pipes are more likely to burst than metal pipes because they are less flexible. Additionally, frozen pipes full of water are more likely to burst than those with only a small amount of water.
Frozen pipes: Frozen pipes are the most common cause of a pipe burst and this can occur any time the temperature is below freezing. When the temperature drops, the water inside the pipe will freeze and the ice will slowly expand as more water freezes.
Polybutylene, Galvanized Steel, and Lead Piping: The Worst Plumbing Pipe Materials.
PEX is flexible and performs better in freezing conditions than rigid pipes like copper, PVC and CPVC. These other pipes are more at risk of the water freezing in them, making them susceptible to weakening and bursting.
PEX, or cross-linked polyethylene, has a chemical structure that gives it flexibility to withstand pressure increases and perform better in the winter. If water freezes in the pipe, for example, PEX will expand to accommodate the change. Then it will contract back to original dimensions once thawed.
No matter the strength of a container, expanding water can cause pipes to break. Pipes that freeze most frequently are: Pipes that are exposed to severe cold, like outdoor hose bibs, swimming pool supply lines, and water sprinkler lines.
Copper Pipes
Copper pipes remain popular among plumbers and homeowners alike because they are corrosion-resistant and best suited to protect the quality of the water. Copper pipes are able to handle high water pressure and are tolerant of both hot and cold water temperatures.
PEX has the best chance of surviving low temperatures because it is so flexible. PEX is able to stretch enough to accommodate the water freezing inside of it. PEX can still burst if there's enough pressure and swelling from frozen water.
Today, copper and PEX are considered the best types of pipes for residential plumbing, and your insurance provider will love you for having them. On the other hand, PVC is less favored while Galvanized is considered one of the worst types.
Accidental water damage that occurs as a result of a sudden, unexpected occurrence like a burst pipe is often covered by a homeowners insurance policy. In addition, cleaning, repair or replacement of wood flooring, drywall and even furniture due to water damage as a result of a burst pipe typically is covered.
Here's a list of ways to prevent freezing pipes in your home: Keep the thermostat at a minimum of 68 degrees Fahrenheit. Make sure pipes are properly insulated.
For the long term, add insulation to attics, basements, and crawl spaces. Insulation will maintain higher temperatures in those areas. And to prevent drafts, seal cracks and openings around windows, doors, and at sill plates, where the house rests on its foundation.
The national average cost of burst pipe repair is between $200 and $1,000, with most people paying around $500 for a moderate repair with a new section of pipe added. At the low end of the spectrum, for a minor repair that doesn't involve pipe replacement, you can expect to pay $150.
In a winter cold spell, water pipes may develop ice and form a blockage. If left untreated, this can lead to increased pressure, causing the pipe to burst. A burst water pipe in your home can cause more than $5,000 in damage, so it's important to act quickly.
Yes, copper pipes can freeze, crack, and burst in cold weather. In fact, of all piping types used for plumbing, copper pipes burst most easily when frozen. This is because copper conducts energy and loses heat more quickly than other types of plumbing.
While metal pipes may rupture and burst when frozen, PVC pipes are brittle and are more prone to cracking and splitting due to their inability to properly contract and expand in response to cold temperatures. If there is water in your PVC pipes when they start to freeze, pressure may build up with no way to escape.
Prevent Frozen Pipes
Moving water keeps pipes from freezing. Find shut off valves for emergencies. Insulate pipes in unheated areas. Open cupboards and vanities to warm pipes.
Like any pipe, PEX pipe does freeze when the temperature drops low enough. However, unlike other rigid pipes, PEX is flexible, significantly reducing the likelihood of a pipe burst. So, if you have a PEX pipe, your house is unlikely to flood from a pipe burst. However, that doesn't mean that frozen pipes are risk-free.
PVC can last even longer than steel or copper, which are some of the most durable metals for plumbing pipes. Ability to handle pressure: PVC can withstand high water pressure, which makes it an excellent choice for the main supply line in your home.
Copper is more likely to freeze and break.
The challenge arises more frequently in older homes needing more insulation. If you reside in a colder region or have experienced water pipe freezing, opting for PEX when it's time for a repiping endeavor is a wise choice.
Pipes typically burst when exposed to extremely low temperatures for an extended period of time (anywhere from 1-3 days depending on temperature). This is especially true for pipes located on exterior walls. A frozen pipe is likely to burst when any water or liquid trapped within it freezes and begins to expand.
As mentioned in the previous section, once the outside temperature drops below freezing (32°F), your pipes are at risk of freezing. However, the chances of damage increase as temperatures drop to 20°F or below.
Pipes in unheated areas such as unfinished basements, crawl spaces, attics and garages are particularly susceptible to freezing. Check in these areas for leaks and pooled water. Any exposed pipes that have frost, condensation or bulging sections are likely frozen.