Freon (R-22) was largely replaced by R-410A (often called Puron). Due to strict EPA phase-outs targeting high global warming potential (GWP) gases, all new residential AC systems are transitioning to "A2L" class refrigerants, primarily R-454B and R-32.
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
HFCs are the newest alternative refrigerants. They contain no chlorine (and are thus safer for the environment), provide improved air quality, increase the reliability of your A/C and, as far as the homeowner is concerned, are just as efficient at cooling homes as R-22.
For Europe, Turkey, Australia and New Zealand: The air conditioner system of your vehicle must be charged with the refrigerant HFO-1234yf (R-1234yf) and the lubricant NISSAN A/C System Oil Type SP-A2 or equivalents.
Starting in January 2025, the production and import of R-410A for use in new HVAC systems will be prohibited. This means that all new commercial and industrial air conditioning units must utilize alternative refrigerants with lower environmental impact, such as A2L refrigerants like R-32 or R-454B.
As Freon was phased out, new HVAC systems began using a refrigerant known as Puron® or R-410A, an HFC. More efficient and less harmful to the environment, R-410A has been in use since its introduction in 1996 and is found in most of today's modern HVAC systems.
A2L refrigerants, the new refrigerants for 2026, will replace R-410A in new systems. A lot about A2L refrigerants is explained in their name: The “A” means low toxicity. The “2L” is a safety classification, indicating it is mildly flammable.
Many Amish homes are built with plenty of windows to help circulate the air and bring in the cooler overnight temperatures. They open the windows on the top floors to help the heat escape while the family retreats to the lower grounds within their homes for comfort.
Yes, eligible R-410A equipment can still be legally installed.
R-22 refrigerant typically costs between $𝟗𝟎 and $𝟐𝟓𝟎 per pound. Because R-22 has been phased out, the supply is dwindling, which causes prices to continuously climb.
The difference of fluid properties causes the flow pattern and refrigerant distribution results of R410A and R134a different between each other. Non-dimensional analysis shows that the inertia of R410A is higher than that of R134a.
While Nissans are known for their reliability, you're not alone if you've found yourself facing some AC troubles. Here are five typical issues that drivers may come across: 1. Weak Airflow: One of the first signs of an AC problem is diminished airflow.
Automakers started transitioning to the R-1234yf refrigerant in 2013 to meet stricter environmental guidelines regarding global warming. The 2013 Cadillac XTS was the first U.S. vehicle to use it.
The gas, called HFO-1234yf (also known as R-1234yf), replaces previous refrigerants, as it produces 98% fewer climate-damaging pollutants than its predecessor, R134a. If your vehicle requires the new gas, this is available in selected garages (see the full list at the end of this article).
There is no direct "drop-in" replacement for R-410A in existing systems. Because R-410A operates at extremely high pressures, using unapproved alternatives is dangerous. For new equipment, the industry is transitioning to R-32 and R-454B. For existing systems, continue using virgin or reclaimed R-410A, or use a certified retrofit blend like R-470A.
There is no single "best" AC brand, as the ideal choice depends on your region, budget, and whether you need whole-house central air or room units. Globally, industry leaders are ranked by their reliability, efficiency, and technological innovation.
While the production of new R12 is banned, it is not illegal to sell or use R12. In fact, many of the cylinders and cans of Freon R12 sold for decades throughout the United States are still around today.
Mixing R-410A with other refrigerants can damage an HVAC system. R-410A refrigerant has a specific chemical blend designed for high-pressure systems. Other refrigerants, like R-22 or 134a, have different pressure levels and properties. When mixed, these differences cause the system to malfunction or fail.
No, not just anyone can legally buy R-410A refrigerant. Under EPA Section 608 regulations, you must possess an EPA Section 608 Type II or Universal certification to purchase and handle it.
RS-53 (R470A) is a new non-flammable Drop-in replacement for R410A with a low Global Warming Potential (GWP) less than half that of R410A. RS-53 (R470A) has a similar thermodynamic performance to R410A with matching energy efficiency and cooling capacity.
If you're interested in learning how to refill R22 in your air conditioner, it is important to know that this is not something a homeowner can do on their own. Due to complexity, safety concerns, training and licensing required we do not recommend doing this without having a trained professional onsite.
R22 refrigerant is illegal to import and manufacturer in the U.S. But it's not illegal for anyone to buy R22 freon. And it's not illegal to sell it IF you have a license. As long as the stocks last, you will be able to continue purchasing R22 from specialized dealers and form your air conditioning company.
The $5,000 rule is a guideline to help homeowners decide whether to repair or replace their HVAC system. You multiply the age of your unit by the cost of the needed repair. If that number exceeds $5,000, replacing your HVAC system is often more cost-effective.
The "20-degree rule" is an HVAC standard stating that an air conditioner can generally only cool a home by about 20∘F20 raised to the composed with power F20∘F compared to the outside air. If it's 95∘F95 raised to the composed with power F95∘F outside, the lowest your AC can typically maintain inside is around 75∘F75 raised to the composed with power F75∘F. Setting the thermostat lower wastes energy without cooling the space.
Yes – Eligible R410A Systems Can Still Be Installed in 2026
There is no nationwide ban on the installation of compliant R410A equipment. The rule applies to newly manufactured systems after the 2025 cutoff – not to the installation of systems already produced and legally distributed under sell-through provisions.
You cannot just switch refrigerants because R410-A and R-22 have different chemical properties. R410-A operates at a higher pressure. If you put R410-A into an R-22 system, the parts will rupture due to the increased force. You can convert your current system to one that runs on R-410A, but the cost will be high.