Low water pressure is a common home plumbing issue that can affect faucets and sinks as well as dishwashers, showerheads, toilets, and any other plumbing fixture. There are various causes of water pressure problems.
Clogs in your water supply pipes that lead to low water pressure are an issue for your plumber. Your plumber needs to assess the pipes to determine if cleaning is possible to remove buildup within the line or if the pipes need to be replaced.
Partially Closed Valve
One of the most common issues that can lead to low water pressure problems is that the water is being obstructed by one or more partially closed shutoff valves. Typically, a home will have one main shutoff valve located inside the house.
If you're suddenly getting low water pressure in one area of the house… ...the supply pipes to that area may either be corroded, leaking or blocked. If all the fixtures in an entire bathroom or the entire kitchen are suddenly getting low water pressure, you can trace the issue to the plumbing pipes.
It may be caused by debris such as dirt, sand, solidified oil and grease, food particles, or foreign objects. Pollutants can block pipes if they back up due to fractures in the water main. Mineral buildup clogs pipes over time and causes the water pressure to go down, as there's less space for water to travel through.
9 Signs of a water leak under the house
Wet areas of grass beside the home's exterior walls. Wet or damp patches of carpet or moisture on internal flooring. Mildew or mould under carpets, rugs or at the base of drapes. A musty odour in certain rooms.
The good news is that you can easily replace faucet aerators, clean showerheads to remove limescale, or simply buy new fixtures to replace the defective ones, which can improve your water pressure. However, it is important to know that repairing or replacing faucets and fixtures is only a temporary solution.
Pressure-Reducing Valve
Look on the main supply pipe near your water meter for a conical valve that has a bolt sticking out of the cone. To raise pressure, turn the bolt clockwise after loosening its locknut.
Check Your Aerator
If you have especially hard water, aerators become clogged with hard water buildup, a common cause of low water pressure in kitchen fixtures. Clean your aerator for a quick and easy DIY fix. Remove the aerator from the faucet using pliers and a towel (to prevent scratching).
If there's an accumulation of sediments in your hot water tank, it can lower your water pressure. The presence of kinks in the flexible water pipes used in water heaters can result in low water pressure. If the shut-off valve isn't fully open, water pressure can drop.
Sure, it's an annoying issue but it can also signal a larger plumbing problem. Low pressure in a shower can be caused by several issues such as a clogged showerhead, a worn-out mixing valve, closed valve, leaking pipe, or even a faulty water heater.
Install a Water Pressure Booster
If the municipal water or well-water flow is the problem, hire a licensed plumbing contractor to install a water-pressure booster pump. These powerful, electric pumps target incoming pressure and raise it to the proper level.
When a liquid material enters one end of a piping system, and leaves the other, pressure drop, or pressure loss, will occur. Pressure drop results from the friction caused by fluids rubbing against the piping components and the interior walls of a piping system.
To return to full pressure only takes seconds. Flushing and recirculating takes minutes if you open all the taps, with the exception of tank water heaters.
Low water pressure can present itself in various ways, all of which can cause significant inconveniences. Taps may take forever to fill your bathtub, or the showerhead may not spray water efficiently. Either way, your daily activities are slowed down. Sometimes the issue comes from the municipal water supply.
The city could be flushing hydrants.
In any of these cases, the pressure loss will be temporary. But when the water does come back online, it will definitely kick up sediment, which can clog supply valves and faucet aerators. Be prepared to flush them if the pressure seems low when the water comes back on.
Burst Pipes Aren't Always Easy to Detect
In fact, it's possible to have a ruptured pipe go unnoticed on your property for quite some time. Depending upon the location of the pipe and the magnitude of damage it's sustained, it may leak water for weeks on end before you even notice it.
Watch the Water Meter
Turn off all water faucets in your home and make sure the washing machine and dishwasher are not running. Check the water meter and make a note of the numbers you see. Come back in an hour and check again. If the numbers have changed, there's a leak somewhere.
Sometimes a constriction in the water pipeline also can be a reason of low water pressure in one part of your house. If you see the water pressure is weak only on the top floor of your house, then it is certainly due to blockage in the pipes or valves.
Water Pressure Readings
Normal water pressure is generally between 40 and 60 PSI. Most homeowners prefer something right in the middle around 50 PSI. Once you measure the water pressure in your house, you can adjust it to a setting that is ideal for all family members and household uses.
If you have a combi boiler or unvented system, you're unlikely to experience any issues with low water pressure. However, with a gravity fed system, you may run into problems if you don't buy a shower suitable for your water pressure.
Only The Bathroom Faucet Has Low Pressure
If the problem only occurs in one fixture – whether it's the sink, shower or tub – that fixture probably needs to be cleaned or replaced. For faucets, a clogged aerator can lessen water pressure.