If you will be going away during cold weather, leave the heat on in your home, set to a temperature no lower than 55° F.
Open the cabinets under the sinks in your kitchen and bathrooms to allow heated air to circulate around the water pipes. Set your thermostat at a minimum of 55 degrees, especially when you are gone for the day or away for a long time. 68 degrees is ideal for when you are home.
When a cold snap hovers around or below 32 degrees Fahrenheit for a couple days in a row it's time to let at least one faucet drip. Pay close attention to water pipes that are in attics, garages, basements or crawl spaces because temperatures in these unheated interior spaces usually mimic outdoor temperatures.
At 32°F, insulated pipes can freeze in about 12 hours and about six hours between 20 to 32°F. The timeframe for freezing becomes even shorter when your pipes are uninsulated. These are approximate figures, as other factors like wind exposure, pipe material, and water flow can also influence the actual freezing time.
Even if you go out of town, keep your heat at 60°F or higher to prevent internal pipes from freezing. You should also try to maintain a constant temperature throughout the day. Many people turn their heat down at night to save money while they sleep.
While we know that water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit, keep in mind that indoor pipes are somewhat protected from the extreme outdoor weather. Without a heat source, pipes may take as little as 3 hours to freeze at 20 degrees Fahrenheit or lower.
It takes time for your home to warm up and cool down. If you're not sure how long it takes, try turning the heating on about 30 minutes before you need it. You should turn it off 30 minutes before you'll stop needing it.
As temps drop, the risk of having frozen pipes in your home increases. Typical high-risk areas for freezing include pipes within exterior walls, as well as exposed pipes that run through unheated or uninsulated areas such as attics or basements.
When the weather is very cold outside, let the cold water drip from the faucet served by exposed pipes. Running water through the pipe - even at a trickle - helps prevent pipes from freezing.
Uninsulated exterior pipes can freeze in under six hours if the temperature is below 20 degrees. It takes at least 12 hours for unprotected pipes to freeze at 32 degrees.
Like most myths, there is certainly a component that is true. Dripping faucets does help prevent frozen pipes, but you don't need to drip every faucet in your house.
How much water do I run? You need just a trickle of water to drip so that water is moving through the pipes consistently. How long do I run the water? Let the faucet drip until temperatures are consistently above freezing to be on the safe side.
A slow, steady drip can help prevent frozen (and burst) pipes during cold weather.
It is OK to set your thermostat to 74°F if you're happy with that temperature. However, many people find temperatures between 68°F–72°F more comfortable for everyday living. If efficiency is a concern, you might want to consider lowering the temperature by a few degrees to save energy.
On average, pipes can freeze within six to eight hours when temperatures stay at 20 degrees or lower. If pipes are poorly insulated or exposed to drafts, they may freeze even faster. This is why pipes often freeze overnight when temperatures drop significantly.
The general rule is to allow one faucet to drip. It should be the one farthest from where water enters your home. This strategy will make sure that water moves through the entire plumbing system. Thus, it will reduce the risk of freezing.
Avoid burst pipes and stay safe in winter:
Keep the heating on overnight at a low temperature if you can. If you have no heating, turn your water off at night, if possible. This should minimise any damage if there is a thaw overnight. Make sure there are no draughts from outside, especially near water pipes.
Dripping the furthest faucet from your meter will move water through the house. Home repair site Angi, formerly Angie's List, also recommends dripping one faucet in each room, particularly lines attached to exposed pipes or those with little insulation.
Preventing frozen pipes in a pinch with blankets
Wrap a blanket around a vulnerable pipe, making sure to cover every bit that's exposed. Secure the fabric in place with duct tape to ensure it will stay on and insulate your water pipes to prevent freezing for as long as you need.
Know what not to do.
Never use a blowtorch, propane or kerosene heaters, a charcoal stove or any other open flame device to thaw your frozen pipes. That presents a severe fire hazard. You should also avoid using a space heater unless you are sure the area is clear of any flammable material.
By temporarily suspending the use of lower nighttime temperatures, you may incur a higher heating bill, but you can prevent a much more costly repair job if pipes freeze and burst. If you will be going away during cold weather, leave the heat on in your home, set to a temperature no lower than 55° F.
As mentioned earlier, pipes in unheated or uninsulated areas are the first to freeze.