For residential construction in most areas, a 6-inch concrete core is typical for the whole build. In the areas with no basements, slab on grade construction, a 4-inch above grade wall will meet most designs. In some areas foundation walls must be a minimum 8 inches of concrete.
The most common above-grade ICF core width for most singe family dwellings are: 6 inches – typically used with your average, moderate spans and loads, and with a floor structure's lateral support every 10 feet.
As a practical consideration, residential designers need to keep in mind that concrete foundation walls are typically 6, 8 or 10 inches thick (nominal).
Typically, concrete masonry units have nominal face dimensions of 8 in. (203 mm) by 16 in. (406 mm), available in nominal thicknesses of 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 in. (102, 152, 203, 254, 305, 356, and 406 mm).
Concrete surfaces that support large trucks, heavy machinery, or steady traffic need concrete rebar reinforcement, and any structural concrete, like walls in buildings, should definitely include rebar.
For flat slabs of concrete on the ground that are no more than four to five inches thick, rebar may not be necessary.
In general, shorter walls with stable soil conditions may not require a footing. However, taller walls or those built on less stable soil will almost always require a footing to ensure stability and prevent failure.
Hollow blocks are naturally less robust than solid blocks due to their empty spaces. To make them extra strong, you would need to fill their hollows with cement or rebar to reinforce them.
The most common Cored block used in construction is 16 inches long by 8 inches wide. Concrete dobies are used to support rebar during the concrete hardening process. You can also find dobie Cored blocks designed to keep welded wire at the required height as the concrete around it dries.
Typical mortar joint thickness is 3/8” for most applications. Mortar joints must be completely filled to resist water penetration and for proper bond. When building with solid units, mortar must completely fill all bed (horizontal) and head (vertical) joints.
HOLLOW CORE PANELS
Panel widths are normally 1200 or 2400 mm and thicknesses vary from 150 to 300 mm; cores vary in shape depending on the equipment, and in number depending on the performance requirements.
Poured Concrete Walls
Poured walls have no joints, which makes them stronger and easier to waterproof. Poured concrete foundation walls are arguably stronger than cinder block foundation walls.
According to IS 456:2000, clause 32.1.
1) Minimum thickness of load bearing RCC wall should be 100 mm. 2) If the story height is equal to length of RCC wall, the percentage increase in strength is 10.
Years after the home is built, these issues can become a headache for the homeowner. With time, the unreinforced parging material (such as DuRock B2000) can crack due to damage from grass mowing equipment, hockey sticks and pucks, baseballs hitting the wall, and other regular wear-and-tear.
The minimum actual thickness of a load-bearing masonry wall shall be not less than 4 inches (102 mm) nominal or 33/8 inches (92 mm) actual thickness, and shall be bonded integrally with piers spaced in accordance with Section R606.
As ICF walls are stacked, horizontal rebar should be placed in the forms as specified. Vertical rebar should be placed after the wall is completely stacked or before the last course is placed, but always before concrete is poured.
For residential construction, a 6- or 8-inch core size is typically used. A 4-inch ICF concrete core cannot be used for below grade walls. Above grade walls are any walls that do not retain earth. Above grade walls may be built on slabs, grade beams, or ICF foundations.
Typically, concrete masonry units have nominal face dimensions of 8 in. (203 mm) by 16 in. (406 mm), available in nominal thicknesses of 4 , 6, 8, 10, and 12 in. (102, 152, 203, 254, and 305 mm).
Yes, cinder blocks can be used to create the structure of a fireplace. However, it's crucial to ensure that the cinder blocks are fire-rated and in good condition. Any blocks showing visible cracks or damage should not be used, as they can compromise safety.
If the conditions are right, concrete building blocks have a lifespan of 100 years or more. This makes them a very durable building material. Indeed, concrete created during the Roman Empire can still be found today, which demonstrates how long-lasting it can be.
First of all, the biggest disadvantage of environmentally friendly hollow blocks is the poor bearing capacity. Because the total mass of wall decoration materials such as environmentally-friendly hollow blocks is reduced, the load-bearing capacity is correspondingly reduced.
Reinforcing bars, known as rebar, play a crucial role in increasing the tension strength of concrete walls. For an 8 ft. tall, 12 ft. wide wall, for instance, a minimum of two horizontal rows of rebar should be used.
Another advantage to concrete block retaining walls is that they're easier to repair. Walls made of other materials, like poured concrete, generally must be replaced and made from scratch if damaged. With blocks, though, the wall can be disassembled and reinstalled with the existing materials being reused.
For every 2 feet of adjustment to the width of the house, add or subtract 2 inches of footing width and 1 inch of footing thickness (but not less than 6 inches thick).
Over a long period of time, concrete has to be maintained, otherwise it can develop potholes and other deformities. This results in continually repeating costs that could easily stretch into the hundreds of thousands of pounds over a twenty to forty year period.