Cantilever soldier pile walls are commonly used when excavation depths are limited to 5m or less (15ft). In most cases, cantilever depths are kept to under 3.5m (10ft) because controlling wall displacements requires an increasingly stiffer steel section.
Mini piles
They have the ability to be driven up to 50m deep in the ground, but you'd rarely need to drive them this deep for a residential or light commercial building. The minimum depth of piles tends to be around the 3-4m mark, but you should always leave this decision to the experts in foundation construction.
The required depth of embedment is then (d + D). As a rule-of-thumb for sandy soils this is usually in the range of 1.3 H to 1.5 H. It is conservative to add 20% - 30% depth to calculated embedment.
The effective width (d) of a soldier pile is generally considered to be the dimension of the soldier pile taken parallel to the line of the wall for driven piles or drilled piles backfilled with material other than concrete.
Piles should be spaced at maximum centres of 1.3m along the lines of the bearers and at maximum centres of 1.9m along the lines of the joists. Dig holes with a post hole borer or a spade to a minimum depth of 450mm plus an extra 100mm for concrete pad.
Installation Method: A pile is drilled into the ground, and concrete is put in. This method often requires harder soil or minimal vibration and is often used on the site. Typical Depth: Depending on the soil, it could be 15 to 50 meters or more.
Unstable Footings
When deck footings aren't poured deep enough, they can heave in our climate. Sandy, well drained soils aren't particularly susceptible to frost heave, while soils with higher clay content are prone to frost heave. This is why it's so important for deck footings to extend down below the frost line.
Cantilever soldier pile walls are commonly used when excavation depths are limited to 5m or less (15ft). In most cases, cantilever depths are kept to under 3.5m (10ft) because controlling wall displacements requires an increasingly stiffer steel section.
The stability of a soldier pile retaining wall depends upon the active earth pressure being resisted by passive pressure on the embedded section of the pile. Pile spacing is typically 6 – 10 feet on center.
The primary difference between soldier piles and other retaining systems like sheet piles is that soldier piles are spaced between 5 and 10 feet apart and intended to be temporary. They're filled with lagging, usually made of shotcrete, metal plates, or wood.
Thus, when the diameter of the pile is 600mm, D= 1/3(8 × 600+600) =1800mm. a/2 + 300 + Deff/2= S/2 + dp/2. Where a is column width, D is the effective depth of pile cap, S is the spacing of piles, and dp is pile diameter. D=750 plus cover+ diameter/2 say 100.
effective embedment depth—overall depth through which the anchor transfers force to or from the surrounding concrete; effective embedment depth will normally be the depth of the concrete failure surface in tension applications; for cast-in headed anchor bolts and headed studs, the effective embedment depth is measured ...
Soldier Pile Installation
Soldier piles are typically steel H-piles or W sections. The piles may be driven, vibrated, or drilled into place. Piles are typically driven or vibrated into the ground where soil profiles do not prevent driving and were vibrations can be tolerated by adjacent structures.
Some piles for domestic single storey extensions may be formed at 6-8m deep (average), whereas for multi storey buildings with heavier loads can be as much as 40m below ground, or even more.
All pilings within the Ocean Hazard Area shall have a tip penetration of at least 5 feet (1524 mm) below mean sea level or 16 feet (4877 mm) below average original grade, whichever is least.
Driving timber piles into rock can be problematic. There is usually no option but to displacement drive the pile into a pre-bored rock socket. The challenge then encountered is keeping the rock socket sufficiently clean, so the pile doesn't refuse too early during installation.
Soldier piles are drilled or driven vertically into the ground considering vertical elements like a steel beam, pile, pipe spaced between 6 to 10 feet. It is designed to limit the horizontal movement of soil excavation.
Soldier Pile and Lagging Design Requirements. Lagging for soldier pile walls, with and without permanent ground anchors, shall be designed as either temporary or permanent, based on the conditions described below.
When the soil between soldier piles is capable of self support the soil loads will transfer to the adjacent soldier piles, and no lagging will be needed. This soil load transfer is referred to as soil arching.
Soldier Piles are steel H piles that are vertically driven or drilled into the earth at regular intervals prior to excavation. As excavation progresses in stages, horizontal lagging in the form of timber or precast concrete is added behind the flanges to create the Soldier Pile and Lagging Wall.
Soil nail walls are installed more quickly and cost effectively than other shoring systems. Soldier pile walls or sheet pile walls require large equipment to drill in place or drive the piles or sheets. Soil nails avoid the time and cost of installing these vertical elements.
Design soldier pile walls for a maximum deflection of 2" or 1.5% of H, whichever is less, with H as shown in the plans. When noted in the plans, design soldier pile walls for a live load (traffic) surcharge of 250 lb/sf in accordance with Article 11.5. 6 of the AASHTO LRFD specifications.
Project Instructions
The depth of the hole should be 1/3-1/2 the post height above ground (i.e., a 6-foot tall fence would require a hole depth of at least 2 feet).
Piles should be spaced at maximum centres of 1.3m along the lines of the bearers and at maximum centres of 1.9m along the lines of the joists. Dig holes with a post hole borer or a spade to a minimum depth of 450mm plus an extra 100mm for concrete pad.
The general rule of thumb when setting a post is that the depth of the post's hole needs to be one-third to one-half of the actual above-ground height of the post. So, a six-foot-high finished post ideally needs to be buried three feet into the ground.