Do I need to stain before varnishing?

Author: Quentin Batz  |  Last update: Friday, January 16, 2026

No, stain is applied as the first coat before varnish because stain needs to absorb into wood.

Can you varnish wood without staining?

Water-based varnish dries completely transparent, allowing the natural grain of the wood to show through. Oil-based varnish may have a slight yellow tinge to the color after it dries, so if this isn't appealing, you may want to consider a stain or a water-based varnish.

Can I apply varnish directly on wood?

Traditional wood varnish is brushed or sprayed onto the wood. 2 Multiple coats are typically applied to build up a protective layer. Allow to dry between coats. 3 Sand and polish to achieve the desired finish.

How do you prepare wood for varnishing?

To prepare wood is simple as sanding it smooth and removing any marks or stains, some stains may need to be removed with a wood cleaning solution. If you are unsure if you have remove all the marks etc get a lint free rag and some turpentine, wipe the wood with the rag slightly moistened with turps.

Can I varnish over wood stains?

Excessive working of the varnish on top of the stain will re-hydrate the stain and may result in the dragging of the colour or the colour becoming intermixed with the clear varnish. A way to avoid this is to use solvent-based stains under water-based varnishes or water-based stains under solvent-based varnishes.

How to Stain Wood Like a PRO - 4 Simple Steps!

Do you stain before or after varnish?

Apply first coat of varnish on clean, new wood or once stain is dry (no sanding required), with a brush, pad or other applicator. Apply several light coats of varnish (following each product's advised dry time), keeping a wet edge and wipe off to avoid lap marks.

Which is better, varnish or polyurethane?

Polyurethane works better on wooden surfaces that are indoors. While varnish is durable and inexpensive, it's best suited for softer woods. Polyurethane dries quicker and requires fewer coats but won't hold up in the outdoors. You'll need to use personal protective equipment when applying both products.

What are the 7 steps to varnishing & finishing?

This is how I do it.
  1. Step 1: Materials. Varnish Oil. ...
  2. Step 2: Prepare the Piece for Finish. Begin by preparing the wood surface for the finish. ...
  3. Step 3: Apply the First Coat. ...
  4. Step 4: Dispose of Your Oily Rag. ...
  5. Step 5: Wait an Hour, Then Rub It Out. ...
  6. Step 6: Wait a Day, Then Burnish. ...
  7. Step 7: Repeat As Many Times As You Want.

What are the disadvantages of varnish?

Disadvantages
  • Varnish can't be used on its own as it doesn't protect the wood inside.
  • Accentuates stains, bumps and marks so preparation of the timber is essential.
  • Dries slowly.

What do you apply before varnish?

Use white spirit and a lint-free cloth to wipe down the surface and remove grease, dirt and dust. Use 120-grit sandpaper to smooth the surface. This will help the varnish stick and will give you a smooth finish. If you removed the previous coat with sandpaper, you don't need to do this step.

What happens if you varnish without sanding?

The allure of a fresh coat of paint is undeniable, but when it comes to varnished wood, skipping the sanding step can be a tempting shortcut with disastrous consequences. It's like trying to build a sandcastle on ice – the paint may cling precariously for a while, but eventually, it's all going to come crashing down.

Do you need to seal wood before varnishing?

Applying a Sealer before a varnish is necessary to provide protection to the wood. The sealer creates a protective barrier that prevents the varnish from seeping into the wood pores.

Should you use a brush or roller to varnish wood?

It's best to use a brush with natural rather than synthetic bristles for oil-based finishes, and synthetic brushes (often called 'nylon' brushes) for acrylic or water-based varnishes. But you can also use rollers or rags for both kinds of finish.

What is better, stain or varnish?

To enhance the wood's color, staining should be fine. But to protect the wood against any chipping from impact, or from the elements, varnishing is your best choice. Many woodworkers decide to stain and varnish a wooden surface at the same time. Note if you use a water-based stain, use a water-based varnish.

What happens if you don't stain wood?

Wood-boring pests may begin carving out holes in your deck's boards, moisture from rain and snow will seep into the wood's pores and cause rot and warping, and harsh sunlight will cause permanent discoloration.

What is the best finish for natural wood look?

Oils, like tung oil, linseed oil, and Danish oil, appear more natural and greatly enhance the existing grain pattern of the wood. If you love the current appearance of the wood and want to preserve the look as much as possible, a clear stain or polyurethane finish is a good choice.

Is satin or gloss varnish better for wood?

Satin varnish is a bit more expensive than other types of varnish, but it's worth the investment if you want your furniture to looking its best. Glossy varnish is a type of clear coating typically applied to wood surfaces (e.g. floors or tables) to protect them and give them a shiny, polished appearance.

Is it better to varnish or oil wood?

"As long as they are good quality, both oil and varnish provide reliable protection. Oil looks more natural than varnish, however, while matt varnish can have a very subtle effect and it can actually be hard to tell the difference between it and oil.

Will varnish waterproof wood?

As well as waterproofing the wood, varnish can also prevent wooden surfaces from getting scratched. Finishing wood with a product such as varnish, serves to protect wood from the little knocks and spills that are inevitable in a busy family home.

Can I varnish over existing varnish?

If you do decide to go ahead and apply new varnish over the top of old varnish, make sure that the existing varnish is scratch-free and do give the old varnish a light sanding using 120-grit sandpaper and wiping away any dust. This will ensure that the new varnish has something to bond to.

How many coats of varnish are needed?

For a very durable finish and one that needs to be very tough, say on a kitchen table, coffee table or end table etc, 2 to 3 coats of varnish should be enough on the top, with 1 to 2 coats on the legs/base. For chairs, benches, chests and other such pieces, 1 to 2 coats should do the trick.

What is the difference between varnish and polyurethane?

While polyurethane is water- or oil-based plastic resin, varnish is older and made from resins, oils, and solvents. Because of the higher ratio of solids, varnish is less susceptible to ultraviolet light damage. This protection makes varnish an excellent choice for projects such as outside decks and exterior furniture.

What is the toughest varnish for wood?

PolyVine Heavy Duty Floor Varnish. This is the hardest of all 'one pack' varnishes.

Should I stain or polyurethane?

Stain by itself will not offer a ton of protection because it is absorbed into the wood and is not sitting on top of it as polyurethane does. Polyurethane is available as both oil-based and water-based, as well as for interior and exterior use.

Is varathane the same as varnish?

Varathane is a brand name of polyurethane varnish that's been around since 1958. It's used as a wood, furniture, cabinet, and floor finish.

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